{"id":4,"date":"2025-11-12T17:23:11","date_gmt":"2025-11-12T17:23:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/renewzone.growthrowstory.com\/?p=4"},"modified":"2025-11-12T17:23:11","modified_gmt":"2025-11-12T17:23:11","slug":"cuoc-dua-luong-tu-startup-dang-bien-tinh-toan-luong-tu-thanh-co-hoi-thuong-mai","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/renewzone.growthrowstory.com\/?p=4","title":{"rendered":"Cu\u1ed9c \u0110ua L\u01b0\u1ee3ng T\u1eed: Startup \u0110ang Bi\u1ebfn T\u00ednh To\u00e1n L\u01b0\u1ee3ng T\u1eed Th\u00e0nh C\u01a1 H\u1ed9i Th\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1ea1i"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed (Quantum Computing) kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m khoa h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec5n t\u01b0\u1edfng hay ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m h\u00e0n l\u00e2m. N\u00f3 \u0111ang nhanh ch\u00f3ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a s\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p (startup) t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o. Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng ty n\u00e0y \u0111ang t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch thu h\u1eb9p kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u1eadt l\u00fd l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, t\u1ea1o ra gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3.<\/p>\n

T\u1eeb Qubit \u0110\u1ebfn L\u1ee3i Nhu\u1eadn: Con \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1ea1i H\u00f3a<\/h2>\n

Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 s\u00e2n ch\u01a1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c g\u00e3 kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 IBM, Google v\u00e0 Microsoft. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c startup m\u1edbi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a nhanh ch\u00f3ng. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c b\u1edfi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0169 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng (qubit) v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m (thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed).<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3m l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u1ea5t. Ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang Qu\u00fd 1 n\u0103m 2025, l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn h\u01a1n 1.25 t\u1ef7 USD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00f3t v\u00e0o, cho th\u1ea5y ni\u1ec1m tin m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0o ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng sinh l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n

\"Bi\u1ec3u<\/p>\n

C\u00e1c L\u0129nh V\u1ef1c \u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng Ti\u1ec1m N\u0103ng Nh\u1ea5t<\/h2>\n

C\u00e1c startup l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed \u0111ang nh\u1eafm \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “\u01b0u th\u1ebf l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed” – quantum advantage). D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u:<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
L\u0129nh V\u1ef1c<\/th>\nV\u1ea5n \u0110\u1ec1 Hi\u1ec7n T\u1ea1i (M\u00e1y T\u00ednh C\u1ed5 \u0110i\u1ec3n)<\/th>\nGi\u1ea3i Ph\u00e1p L\u01b0\u1ee3ng T\u1eed<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
D\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m & Khoa h\u1ecdc V\u1eadt li\u1ec7u<\/strong><\/td>\nM\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng ph\u00e2n t\u1eed ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian.<\/td>\nM\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: pin hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao, thu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh<\/strong><\/td>\nT\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n gian l\u1eadn, \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/td>\nT\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a \u0111a bi\u1ebfn nhanh h\u01a1n, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh r\u1ee7i ro ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Logistics & Chu\u1ed7i Cung \u1ee8ng<\/strong><\/td>\nT\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/td>\nGi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u00e0i to\u00e1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng (Traveling Salesman Problem) v\u1edbi quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 Nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (AI)<\/strong><\/td>\n\u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc s\u00e2u (Deep Learning) \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean l\u1edbn.<\/td>\nH\u1ecdc m\u00e1y l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed (Quantum Machine Learning) gi\u00fap t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng m\u1eabu.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Th\u00e1ch Th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 C\u01a1 H\u1ed9i Cho C\u00e1c Nh\u00e0 Kh\u1edfi Nghi\u1ec7p<\/h2>\n

Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. C\u00e1c startup ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi ba th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u1edbn:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. T\u00ednh \u1ed4n \u0110\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Qubit:<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed (coherence) l\u00e0 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng si\u00eau l\u1ea1nh ho\u1eb7c ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n
  2. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng M\u1edf R\u1ed9ng (Scalability):<\/strong> X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn qubit ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u1edbn.<\/li>\n
  3. Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n Thu\u1eadt To\u00e1n:<\/strong> C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng vi\u1ebft thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i m\u1edf ra c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i cho c\u00e1c startup chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t. Thay v\u00ec c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed “\u0111a n\u0103ng” (universal quantum computer), nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng ty \u0111ang t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng (NISQ – Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum) ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m (Quantum Software) \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap doanh nghi\u1ec7p d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y (Quantum as a Service – QaaS).<\/p>\n

    \"Minh<\/p>\n

    T\u01b0\u01a1ng Lai N\u1eb1m \u1ede S\u1ef1 H\u1ee3p T\u00e1c<\/h2>\n

    Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng n\u1ebfu thi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c startup ti\u00ean phong, c\u00e1c t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n l\u1edbn (\u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean), v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. C\u00e1c startup \u0111ang \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i b\u1ee9c tranh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, bi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c khoa h\u1ecdc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4, h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n m\u1ed9t k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1.<\/p>\n

    S\u1ef1 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c “k\u1ef3 l\u00e2n” l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed nh\u01b0 IQM (Ph\u1ea7n Lan) cho th\u1ea5y ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng to l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p trong vi\u1ec7c d\u1eabn d\u1eaft cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 doanh nh\u00e2n, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 tham gia v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c \u0111ua c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 21.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    T\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed (Quantum Computing) kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m khoa h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec5n t\u01b0\u1edfng hay ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh cho<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"colormag_page_container_layout":"default_layout","colormag_page_sidebar_layout":"default_layout","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/renewzone.growthrowstory.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/renewzone.growthrowstory.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/renewzone.growthrowstory.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/renewzone.growthrowstory.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/renewzone.growthrowstory.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/renewzone.growthrowstory.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/renewzone.growthrowstory.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/renewzone.growthrowstory.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/renewzone.growthrowstory.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}